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KMID : 0376519950140010116
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Mental Health Research
1995 Volume.14 No. 1 p.116 ~ p.131
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A Selective Review of Memory Disorder
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Abstract
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Among many types of memory disorders, diencephalic amnesia and medial temporal amnesia have attracted considerable scientific interest. These two amnesias can arise from lesions in particualr regions of brain and show various amnesic syndromes.
Amnesic
patients have a severe anterograde amnesia as manifest in their inability to recall or recognixe novel information. Retrograde amnesia is also present although the extent is more severe in diencephalic amnesia, usually in Korsakoff's syndrome
than
medial temporal amnesia, But both of the amnesias have unimpaired language and intellectual functions. They have intact short-term memory store as measured by digit span tests. They show residual learning capability on tasks do not require the
patient
to acess the memory of a specific episode, for example, the preserved ability to acquire and retain perceptual and cognitive skills as well as perceptual-motor skills. Another kind of preserved capacity for learning is priming observed on various
implicit memory tasks. Amnesics show impaired learning capacity on explicit memory tasks which require conscious recollection of previously studied information, but show intact learning capacity on implicit memory tasks which do not require
conscious
recollection but reflect the influence of previously studied information. The selectivity of deficit in amnesia and the phenomena of dissociation between explicit and implicit memory are very important clues to investigate the nature of memory
and
support various theoretical considerations.
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KEYWORD
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